منابع مشابه
modularity of reading comprehension in multiple-choice cloze procedure and reliability fluctuation
هدف این رساله تحقیق در مورد یافتن ارتباط بین واحدهای درک مطلب (از قبیل پروسه واژگانی، پروسه ساختاری و پروسه تفسیر معنایی) از طریق تست کلوز چهار چوابی در بین دانشجویان سال آخر رشته زبان انگلیسی میباشد. در مرحله اول از 150 دانشجو (80 مونث و 70 مذکر) از بین دانشجویان کارشناسی و کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاههای علامه طباطبائی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی و دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شمال تست نلسون (450 دی) گرفته شد. ...
15 صفحه اولEvaluating the influence of postsession reinforcement on choice of reinforcers.
Factors that influence reinforcer choice have been examined in a number of applied studies (e.g., Neef, Mace, Shea, & Shade, 1992; Shore, Iwata, DeLeon, Kahng, & Smith, 1997; Tustin, 1994). However, no applied studies have evaluated the effects of postsession reinforcement on choice between concurrently available reinforcers, even though basic findings indicate that this is an important factor ...
متن کاملPartial Knowledge in Multiple-Choice Testing
The intent of this study was to discover the nature of (partial) knowledge as estimated by the multiple-choice (MC) test method. An MC test of vocabulary, including 20 items, was given to 10 participants. Each examinee was required to think aloud while focusing on each item before and while making a response. After each test taker was done with each item, s/he was ...
متن کاملGuessing in Multiple Choice Questions: Challenges and Strategies
Introduction: Guessing is one of the most challenging issues in multiple choice questions. Several strategies, such as negative scoring, have been suggested for preventing students from choosing the right answer just by chance. However, there is no general agreement on using such strategies. The aim of this study was to review the scoring methods which are used for reducing guessing, and evalua...
متن کاملExploiting Multiple Secondary Reinforcers in Policy Gradient Reinforcement Learning
Most formulations of Reinforcement Learning depend on a single reinforcement reward value to guide the search for the optimal policy solution. If observation of this reward is rare or expensive, converging to a solution can be impractically slow. One way to exploit additional domain knowledge is to use more readily available, but related quantities as secondary reinforcers to guide the search t...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
سال: 1982
ISSN: 0022-5002
DOI: 10.1901/jeab.1982.37-115